VajraYana
The Vajrayana form of Buddhism is a
specialised type of Tantric Buddhism, closely aligned with teachings of the
Mahayana. Matreiya Dharma Sangha Centre practises and teaches a reformed
version of the Vajrayana teachings, which also embraces most aspects of the
Mahayana doctrine.
The word vajra was originally associated with Indra,
the Indian version of Zeus, the God of Thunder and Lightning. The vajra was Indra’s ‘thunderbolt’, his rod of
power, the mechanism he used to display his supreme brilliance and strength.
Thus the term vajra is
generally translated
from Hindu texts as ‘thunderbolt’. Spiritually it is understood as a
representation or symbol of a potent form of energy containing great capacity
and power to enlighten and illumine.
In Tibetan the word vajra translates as dorje. The literal meaning of dorje in Tibetan is ruler, master or lord. For
Buddhists, the dorje
and the power and qualities that it imbues, is something essential to obtain,
manifest, and embody, in the quest for Buddhahood and the supreme enlightened
state. It stands for the immutability of our spiritual essence.
The geometrically divine representation
of the dorje symbol abounds throughout the pictorial imagery and ritualised
activities of the (Tibetan) Buddhist monk’s life. It is seen throughout the thangkhas that adorn the walls of his monastery,
it is in the monk’s hand as he mumbles the prayers to relieve the suffering of
all sentient beings, and on the end of handle of his bell, that rings fervently
throughout the rituals of his daily routine. However, ultimately, it is still
that; a symbol of something greater, something vast and powerfully penetrative,
a standpoint of ultimate strength from which the entire cosmic universe can be
seen, experienced, and understood, with the full capacity of infinite
awareness.
The English rendering of the word dorje, is presented in various ways,
suggestive of its qualities; diamond like, adamantine and indestructible. It is
also seen to symbolise wisdom, emptiness and indivisibility. The dorje represents the highest spiritual power;
irresistible and invincible, thus it is compared with the diamond, which is
capable of cutting asunder any other substance, but which itself can not be cut
by anything. The diamond also stands as a symbol of preciousness,
changelessness, purity, and clarity. Thus the dorje (vajra) can be seen to symbolise the
indestructibility of enlightenment.
Vajrayana and Tantra
The root texts and the basis of the
Vajrayana, are the tantras. A large corpus of root tantric texts exists,
however secret oral instructions given by master to disciple are of greatest
pertinence to the practitioner for practice.
Vajrayana is a form of tantra. Tantra
relates to concepts of weaving, (derived from thread, web, fabric),
interwoveness, interdependence, continuity of cause and effect and
the inner relationships of things.
The threads here are threads of karma,
the magic carpet of time and space, which is made up of multitudinous strands
of sangskaric ‘threads’ that connect and configure individual karma; moulding
and shaping our entire material existences and all that is.
The central idea of Tantric Buddhism is prajna, knowledge, often depicted as wisdom
(Tib. she-rab). It is
a kind of secret language, where the highest is clothed in the form of the
lowest, the most sacred in the form of the most earthly, and the deepest
knowledge in the form of the most grotesque paradoxes. It is a language for
initiates (those who have travelled far along the bodhisattva bhumis in past lives), aimed at shocking those
initiates whom are sleeping. It is the body of the rapid and integral path of
Transformation.
The Vajrayana and tantra is about
experience, direct experience with the nature of truth and reality, as it is.
It is about the dissatisfaction of merely intellectual or theoretical
attitudes, compelling one to penetrate the layers of conceptual mind into the
realm of direct experience. It is tantra, aimed at pure realisation; evoked
through the power of inner vision and direct contact with that which one seeks
and ultimately is. It is a great quest in order to recognise and transform
those forces, the dynamic forces of the Universe, in ones own mind- not only
for one’s own good, but for that of all living beings,. That is the aim of the
tantras and the Vajrayana path.
Yantra, Mantra, and Mudra
The technical aids of the aspiring
Vajrayana yogin/i are yantra, mantra and mudra.
Yantra is the systematic arrangement of symbols on which the process of
visualisation is based. In current Tibetan Buddhism the visualisation is
generally built upon a four, eight, or sixteen petalled lotus-blossom (padma)
which forms the visible
starting-point of meditation. At Maitreya Sangha Dharma Centre the specific
type of yantra used would be more varied and changing according to the type of sangskaras the aspiring yogin/yogini was trying to transcend or create. For
example, if the yogin/i was experiencing a great sense of separation and
distance from his/her Vajrayana brothers and sisters he would go deep into the
core of his heart centre where he would begin to produce the visualisation of
being surrounded by each of his dharma brothers/sisters in a circle, each and
everyone of them pouring out enlightening energies upon him from their heart.
Surrounding them in a greater circle he would picture the lineage that stood
before them, the Council of Bodhisattvas, the enlightened Sages of Ages,
picturing the wise and all embracing energies emanating directly into the
disciples hearts. Upon visualising this he would start to see that they, him
and his dharma brothers and sisters formed a lotus-blossom, a chakra, within a greater chakra that was created by the past lineage
holders and energised by Shambhalla. He would begin to see that the effect of
this meditation and interrelation, the love and enlightened forces being
generated were being poured throughout the chakras of the Earth and all beings thereon.
Thus he would pronounce ‘My dharma brothers and sisters are the key to my
enlightenment, may we spread the love of the Bodhisattvas throughout the Earth
so that all beings shall be liberated from suffering. Om.’
Through the employment of these
geometrical diagrams and symbols of mystical significance (yantras), the aspiring yogin’s aim is to establish
a greater telepathic communication and energy interrelationship with the
deities that he invokes. At Matreiya Dharma Sangha we call upon the more
exalted energies of our enlightened aspects and of our personal Diety
(yidam) to construct these
visualisations whereby as a consequence of our striving and meditation we
obtain a far closer link with them as our energies become more and more likened
to theirs.
Mantras
The recitation of mantras forms a central
theme of many meditations within the Vajrayana system. A mantra, which consists
of words or sacred sounds of occult power is given from guru to disciple in the
course of the spiritual training in order to open his/her mind to the
experience of higher dimensions. This is also true in Matreiya Sangha Dharma
Buddhist training, where mantras are also used as a weapon, a mechanism to
overcome the major obstacles to enlightenment. The obstacles may involve the
quelling of evil forces intent on harm or one’s own personal karma, hindering
mental and emotional traits.
The aspiring yogin/i adapts a common form
of mantra into a unique phraseology peculiar to his own requirements, oft
accompanied by a symbol (yantra) which has specific power to him/her in the
immediate battle or challenge that stands before him/her, or perhaps his dharma
brothers/sisters or even humanity as a whole.
Often simplicity holds the most powerful
key. For example, ‘I must Love’, recited repetitively, accompanied by the view
of brilliant energy radiating out of the heart centre can be very combative
against selfish, separative, aggressive or complacent tendencies. ‘I will
sacrifice myself for the good of the whole’, can be another. ‘Humanity must
learn the way of the Heart.’ ‘I must be humble.’ ‘I will not blame.’ These type
of mantras which can be elaborated and adapted to the specific need, repeated
(internally) continuously, at the appropriate moments offer a valuable key to
the yogin/i aspiring toward mastery. As each challenge is surmounted a new
mantra will be formed in relation to the next arising poison or problem that
plagues him/herself or another.
If the practitioner is vigilant and bold
enough to maintain the correct use of mantras in this way, he/she is then able
to create an access whereby the energy of higher dimensions, will or love, can
manifest in him/her and allow him/her and those he/she is attempting to help,
walk one step closer into the heart of Buddhahood and one step further away
from the suffering induced by ignorance and selfishness.
At some stage, when the aspiring yogin/i
is nearing cleansing his/her emotional and mental karma relating to the lower
three worlds (physical/mental and emotional) he will begin to utilise higher
vibrations of magical incantation. These will be bestowed upon him from his
guru, or from specific dakinis during meditation. The potent forms of energy,
which these mantric sounds contain, must only be utilised with the aim of
liberating and educating, and when done so will enable him to produce the seen
miracles of healing and materialisation, such as transforming objects,
alleviating disease and levitation. Such energies can only be utilised in one
whose purity and luminosity is spotless and radiant.
Such powers should only ever be utilised
to liberate and to heal and never be used as a tool of the ego, which by this
stage, in the Vajrayogin/i, is all but dead.
The Mudra is the bodily gesture
(especially of the hands) which accompanies the ritual act and the mantric
word, as well as the inner attitude, which is emphasised and expressed by this
gesture.
It is specifically the use of the Mantra
and Yantra Yoga that play a part of considerable
importance in the Vajrayana path, as seen also in the Matreiya Dharma Sangha
Buddhist adaptation of this path.